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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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00166_Field_166.txt
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1996-12-31
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FAMILIAR SIZE
This room from the collection
of the Ontario Science Centre
was designed by Adelbert Ames
to have distorted proportions.
Viewing the scene from a
specific location, however, the
room creates an illusion that
we recognize from cues of
familiar size.
If we are familiar with an
objectΓÇÖs typical size, our
memory of its visual angle at
varying distances could allow
us to estimate its distance
because visual angle and
distance are directly related. A
classic experiment by William
Ittelson at Princeton
University demonstrated the
possible efficacy of size cues in
depth perception. Subjects were
seated in a dark room and were
asked to look at playing cards
with one eye. When a card
twice the size of a normal
playing card was presented,
observers tended to say it was
half its actual distance away.
When they viewed a card one-
half the size of a normal
playing card, they tended to
judge its distance to be twice as
great as its distance actually
was. In a variation of this
experiment, subjects are shown
a more ambiguous object, such
as a white sphere. If they are
told it is a Ping-Pong ball, they
judge it to be nearer than if
they are told it is a tennis ball.
These effects depend upon the
observerΓÇÖs stored knowledge of
the visual angle subtended by
various objective sizes at
different distances--for
example, that a 3-inch object
subtends a particular visual
angle at a particular distance.